Data obtained under the Freedom of Information Act by the Students Organising for Sustainability UK (SOS UK) has revealed that councils across England and Wales have failed to issue fines to landlords flouting minimum energy efficiency laws. Landlords of private rentals are required to have an Energy Performance Certificate (EPC) of band E or above since April 2020, or they could be fined under law. However, between April 2020 and early 2023, there were almost 400 confirmed breaches of these regulations, and only 26 breaches resulted in fines during this time period.

Camden Council, the only London council included in the data, carried out a review this year on the issue and found that 99 properties in the borough currently did not comply with the EPC ratings. The council has issued all 99 properties with compliance notices, and they have 28 days to respond. If they fail to do so, a fine will be issued.

The lack of energy standards in rental properties is especially concerning for students living in poorly insulated accommodation. Some multi-occupancy properties (HMOs) are exempt from the EPC requirements, leaving students vulnerable to damp or mould in their homes, and less than half of them have double glazing. SOS UK is calling for the Government to close the loophole and ensure all properties, including homes of multiple occupancy, require energy performance certificates. Councils need more support to enforce regulation, especially to uphold energy standards in the face of the cost of living and climate crises.

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